Race and Arbitration: The Unspoken Rules of the American Arbitration System 

By Genevieve Francois Introduction The American arbitration system is governed by the Federal Arbitration Act, which creates a structure that allows companies to mandate arbitration for dispute resolution. This format forces disputes to be resolved privately rather than in the more public arena of the court system. Mandatory arbitration clauses are often purposefully hidden within…

Effective Vindication in Name Only: How Arbitration Rights Now Depend on Geography

By Braxton Johnson Defendants invoke arbitration to control costs, timelines, and exposure, but courts must still confront a threshold question: will arbitration permit plaintiffs to meaningfully vindicate federal statutory rights? In Italian Colors, the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) sought to answer this question by recognizing the “effective vindication doctrine,” which bars enforcement…

Raytheon on the Hot Seat: What a $950 Million FCPA Case Teaches MNEs About Arbitration and Compliance

By Alexandra Schieferer On October 16, 2024, defense giant Raytheon Company agreed to pay over $950 million to settle allegations of Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) violations, defective pricing, and export control breaches, marking one of the largest joint settlements in recent years. This enforcement action illustrates how corruption investigations can spiral into cascading contractual…

Contracting a Womb: The Necessity of an Arbitration Clause

By Brenna Callahan In 2025, it is difficult to imagine a world without surrogacy. Celebrities like Kim Kardashian and Andy Cohen have ushered society into a new era of contracting a womb. The practice benefits same-sex couples and women with prohibitive health conditions. However, its popularity has only recently reached the masses. In the early…